November 2017
This is a useful workaround, but ME3 still works fine on build 1703.
If the update broke your game it happens because of a problem inherited by the update processes and not because of a general incompatibility between ME3 and build 1703.
A repair installation of build 1703 or a fresh installation with a build 1703 medium could solve the problem.
November 2017
I figured it wasn't a problem for everyone with this build as I never found a solution online. However, I attempted a repair of the build multiple times and even re-installed Windows 10 at least 4 times with a fresh install on a blank hard drive. Everything was fine until update to 1703 every single time. It also affected all Uplay services, ITunes and Bioware services. Not sure where the problem was coming from but it was always when 1703 went into effect. It is possible that installing directly to 1703 could work but I don't have access to an install medium with that build so I am not able to verify this.
November 2017 - last edited November 2017
You can get a Windows instalation medium for the newest build by using the "Media Creation Tool"
MS updates the tool at every new build.