Interesting History Behind BF1 Weapon Skin Names?

[HUN_gattaca_lg]

RSC SMG Skins
Legendary: Le Chat Noir, Loup Garou, The Ossuary
Distinguished: Apollinaire, Duriez
Special: Ancre, Cravançon, en Mémoire, Saint Berthe

Apollinaire skin for RSC SMG (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillaume_Apollinaire): Guillaume Apollinaire (26 August 1880 – 9 November 1918) was a French poet, playwright, short story writer, novelist, and art critic of Polish descent. Apollinaire is considered one of the foremost poets of the early 20th century, as well as one of the most impassioned defenders of Cubism and a forefather of Surrealism. He is credited with coining the term "Cubism" in 1911 to describe the emerging art movement, the term Orphism in 1912, and the term "Surrealism" in 1917 to describe the works of Erik Satie. He wrote poems without punctuation attempting to be resolutely modern in both form and subject. Two years after being wounded in World War I, Apollinaire died during the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918 and was recognized as "Fallen for France" (Mort pour la France) because of his commitment during the war. Apollinaire served as an infantry officer in World War I and, in 1916, received a serious shrapnel wound to the temple, from which he would never fully recover. He wrote Les Mamelles de Tirésias while recovering from this wound. During this period he coined the word "Surrealism" in the programme notes for Jean Cocteau's and Erik Satie's ballet Parade, first performed on 18 May 1917. The war-weakened Apollinaire died at the age of 38 on 9 November 1918 of influenza during the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918 ravaging Europe at the time, two years after being wounded in World War I. Shortly after his death, Mercure de France published Calligrammes (reference to the Chauchat's Calligrammes skin), a collection of his concrete poetry (poetry in which typography and layout adds to the overall effect), and more orthodox, though still modernist poems informed by Apollinaire's experiences in the First World War and in which he often used the technique of automatic writing.

Duriez skin for RSC SMG (https://www.cheminsdememoire.gouv.fr/en/french-foreign-legion) The Foreign Legion was serving in Morocco when the First World War erupted. Five march regiments were formed and then reorganised into a single regiment on 11 November 1915 due to severe losses to create the RMLE or the Foreign Legion Marching Regiment. Colonel Rollet, who took command of the RMLE after the death of Colonel Duriez, killed leading his men, returned from four years at war with the most decorated flag of the French army with that of the Colonial Infantry Regiment of Morocco. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4330766/Life-French-soldier-WWI-revealed-stark-images.html The horrors of the First World War trenches has been brought to life in a stunning set of colour photographs. The images colourised by graphic artist Frédéric Duriez reveal the daily lives of beleaguered French soldiers. They can be seen sharing meals, marching through blitzed towns and carrying bodies across the battlefields.

The Ossuary skin for RSC SMG (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossuary): An ossuary is a chest, box, building, well, or site made to serve as the final resting place of human skeletal remains. They are frequently used where burial space is scarce. A body is first buried in a temporary grave, then after some years the skeletal remains are removed and placed in an ossuary ("os" is "bone" in Latin). The greatly reduced space taken up by an ossuary means that it is possible to store the remains of many more people in a single tomb than in coffins. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douaumont_Ossuary The Douaumont Ossuary (French: Ossuaire de Douaumont, reference to the Sjögren inertial Shotgun's Douaumont skin) is a memorial containing the skeletal remains of soldiers who died on the battlefield during the Battle of Verdun (reference to the M1909 Benét-Mercié's Verdun skin) in World War I. It is located in Douaumont-Vaux, France, within the Verdun battlefield, and immediately next to the Fleury-devant-Douaumont National Necropolis. During the 300 days of the Battle of Verdun (21 February 1916 – 19 December 1916) approximately 230,000 men died out of a total of 700,000 casualties (dead, wounded and missing). The battle became known in German as Die Hölle von Verdun (English: The Hell of Verdun), or in French as L'Enfer de Verdun, and was conducted on a battlefield covering less than 20 square kilometers (7.7 sq mi). The ossuary is a memorial containing the remains of both French and German soldiers who died on the Verdun battlefield. Through small outside windows, the skeletal remains of at least 130,000 unidentified combatants of both nations can be seen filling up alcoves at the lower edge of the building. On the inside of the ossuary building, the ceiling and walls are partly covered by plaques bearing names of French soldiers who died during the Battle of Verdun. The families of the soldiers that are recognized here by name contributed for those individual plaques. In front of the monument, and sloping downhill, lies the largest single French military cemetery of the First World War with 16,142 graves.

Saint Berthe skin for RSC SMG (https://battlefield.fandom.com/wiki/Nivelle_Nights): Nivelle Nights is a map added to Battlefield 1: They Shall Not Pass during the June Update. Conquest Flags: -Saint Berthe, -Danzig Trench (reference to the LMG 08/18's Danzig Trench skin), ... . Saint Berthe is a destroyed church located to the south of the map. Suffering severe damage from bombing, almost nothing of the church remains except its columns. The center of the church features a makeshift road running through it, separating the church to the north and south with the flag sitting toward the center. The south end of the church is largely exposed compared to the north, with only stone columns remaining. Compared to the north, however, it features higher ground due to built up debris, allowing for a better vantage point against the north end. The north end of the church is largely undamaged in comparison, with the roof having been destroyed. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_La_Malmaison The Battle of La Malmaison (Bataille de la Malmaison) from 23 to 27 October, was the final French action of the 1917 campaign in the First World War, which had begun with the Nivelle Offensive. The French captured the village and fort of La Malmaison and took control of the Chemin des Dames (reference to the Lebel Model 1886's Chemin des Dames skin) ridge. Battle, 25–27 October: On 25 October, Pinon was captured with 600 prisoners, Pinon and Rosay forests were entered and Rosay Farm was occupied, as XI Corps attacked from the Chemin-des-Dames ridge, to east of the Malmaison plateau and captured the farms of St. Martin and Chapelle Ste. Berthe to the south of Filain. The French then overran the Tonnerre and Charbon quarries, crossed the Bovettes ravine and ascended the slope from Many Farm to capture Pargny-Filain. The German defenders were eventually forced back, beyond the Bassin d'alimentation on the Monampteuil Heights.

Ancre skin for RSC SMG (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancre): The Ancre is a river of Picardy, France. Rising at Miraumont, a hamlet near the town of Albert, it flows into the Somme (reference to the Auto Revolver's Somme skin) at Corbie. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Ancre_Heights The Battle of the Ancre Heights (1 October – 11 November 1916), is the name given to the continuation of British attacks after the Battle of Thiepval Ridge from 26 to 28 September during the Battle of the Somme. The battle was conducted by the Reserve Army (renamed Fifth Army on 29 October) from Courcelette near the Albert–Bapaume (reference to the MG15 N.A's Bapaumes skin) road, west to Thiepval on Bazentin Ridge (reference to Madsen MG's The Bazentin Ridge skin). British possession of the heights would deprive the German 1st Army of observation towards Albert to the south-west and give the British observation north over the Ancre valley to the German positions around Beaumont-Hamel, Serre and Beaucourt. The Reserve Army conducted large attacks on 1, 8, 21, 25 October and from 10 to 11 November. Many smaller attacks were made in the intervening periods, amid interruptions caused by frequent heavy rain, which turned the ground and roads into rivers of mud and grounded aircraft. German forces in footholds on the ridge, at the east end of Staufen Riegel (Regina Trench, reference to the Huot Automatic Rifle's Regina skin) and in the remaining parts of Schwaben-Feste (Schwaben Redoubt, reference to the Gewehr 98's Schwaben-Feste skin) to the north and Stuff Redoubt (Staufen-Feste) north-east of Thiepval, fought a costly defensive battle with numerous counter-attacks and attacks, which delayed the British capture of the heights for more than a month. From 29 October – 9 November, British attacks were postponed due to more poor weather, before the capture of 1,000 yd (910 m) of the eastern end of Regina Trench by the 4th Canadian Division on 11 November. Fifth Army operations resumed in the Battle of the Ancre (13–18 November). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Ancre The Battle of the Ancre (13–18 November 1916), was fought by the British Fifth Army (Lieutenant-General Hubert Gough), against the German 1st Army (General Fritz von Below). The Reserve Army had been renamed the Fifth Army on 30 October. The battle was the last of the big British attacks of the Battle of the Somme.

Cravançon skin for RSC SMG (https://battlefield.fandom.com/wiki/Soissons): Soissons is a map featured in the Battlefield 1: They Shall Not Pass expansion. It takes place in the Allied counter-offensive of the Second Battle of the Marne during the Battle of Soissons in 1918. Conquest flags: -Cravançon Watermill, ... . Cravançon Watermill: Connected to the stream that flows through the map, the watermill features a large house with a water wheel, giving the flag its name. Across a small courtyard, which contains a wagon and a wheelbarrow for cover, is a small, single-room building and a large barn. The area is enclosed to the south and west by a reinforced embankment. The roads leading north cross through a gully and underneath a patch of trees, one of which houses a multi-tiered observation post in its high branches. A stone bridge crosses the steam from the east. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Soissons_(1918) The Battle of Soissons (1918) (also known as the Battle of the Soissonnais and of the Ourcq (French: Bataille du Soissoinais et de L'Ourcq)) was a battle fought on the Western Front during World War I. Waged from 18 to 22 July 1918 between the French (with American and British assistance) and the German armies, the battle was part of the much larger Allied Aisne-Marne counter-offensive. It followed the final German Spring Offensive (reference to MP18's The Kaiserschlacht skin), Operation Marneschutz-Reims (also known as the Friedensturm or peace offensive). The primary objective of the attack was to cut both the Soissons – Château-Thierry (reference to the M1897 Shotgun's Château-Thierry skin) road and the railroad running south from Soissons to Château-Thierry. This battle marked the turning point of the war as the Germans would be on the defensive for the remainder of the conflict. Day 1: Thursday, 18 July 1918. As 18th Infantry pushed forward their right flank became exposed and they started taking enfilading machine gun fire from Cravançon Farm. Colonel Frank Parker sent an element of 18th Infantry into the Moroccan 1st Division's zone to deal with the problem. Shortly thereafter, Cravançon Farm was in American hands.

Loup Garou skin for RSC SMG (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/loup-garou): Inherited from Old French leu garoul, a pleonastic compound of leu (“wolf”) + garoul (“werewolf”); the latter from garulf, from Frankish *werawulf. Equivalent to loup +‎ -garou. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werewolf In folklore, a werewolf (from Old English werwulf 'man-wolf'), or occasionally lycanthrope (from Ancient Greek λυκάνθρωπος, lukánthrōpos, 'wolf-human'), is an individual that can shapeshift into a wolf (or, especially in modern film, a therianthropic hybrid wolf-like creature), either purposely or after being placed under a curse or affliction (often a bite or the occasional scratch from another werewolf) with the transformations occurring on the night of a full moon. The Norse branch underwent taboo modifications, with Old Norse vargúlfr (only attested as a translation of Old French garwaf ~ garwal(f) from Marie's lay of Bisclavret) replacing *wiraz ('man') with vargr ('wolf, outlaw'), perhaps under the influence of the Old French expression leus warous ~ lous garous (modern loup-garou), which literally means 'wolf-werewolf'. When the European colonization of the Americas occurred, the pioneers brought their own werewolf folklore with them and were later influenced by the lore of their neighbouring colonies and those of the Natives. Belief in the loup-garou present in Canada (thence Acadiana), the Upper and Lower Peninsulas of Michigan and upstate New York, originates from French folklore influenced by Native American stories on the Wendigo. Most modern fiction describes werewolves as vulnerable to silver weapons and highly resistant to other injuries. This feature appears in German folklore of the 19th century. The claim that the Beast of Gévaudan, an 18th-century wolf or wolflike creature, was shot by a silver bullet appears to have been introduced by novelists retelling the story from 1935 onwards and not in earlier versions. https://www.chars-francais.net/2015/index.php/157-classement-individuel/saint-chamond/1860-62523 62523 LOUP GAROU M1 AS34 ♦ 3e Batterie. Affecté au Groupe AS34 le 12 avril 1917. Char du Groupement AS n° XI - Char engagé en juin 1918 dans les combats de Méry (secteur de Saint Maur). Engagé le 18 juillet 1918 dans le secteur de Missy-au-Bois. Chef de char: Maréchal des Logis Marboeuf.

Le Chat Noir skin for RSC SMG (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_Steinlen): Théophile Alexandre Steinlen (November 10, 1859 – December 13, 1923), was a Swiss-born French Art Nouveau painter and printmaker. He was politically engaged and collaborated with anarchist and socialist press. In his early twenties he was still developing his skills as a painter when he and his wife Emilie were encouraged by the painter François Bocion to move to the artistic community in the Montmartre Quarter of Paris. Once there, Steinlen was befriended by the painter Adolphe Willette who introduced him to the artistic crowd at Le Chat Noir that led to his commissions to do poster art for the cabaret owner/entertainer, Aristide Bruant and other commercial enterprises. His permanent home, Montmartre and its environs, was a favorite subject throughout Steinlen's life and he often painted scenes of some of the harsher aspects of life in the area. His daughter Colette was featured in much of his work. In addition to paintings and drawings, he also did sculpture on a limited basis, most notably figures of cats that he had great affection for as seen in many of his paintings. Steinlen included cats in many of his illustrations, and even published a book of his designs, Dessins Sans Paroles Des Chats.
Between 1883 and 1920, he produced hundreds of illustrations, a number of which were done under a pseudonym so as to avoid political problems because of their harsh criticisms of social ills. His art influenced the work of other artists, including Pablo Picasso. https://www.metmuseum.org/blogs/now-at-the-met/2017/theophile-alexandre-steinlen-cats-socialism-worl... Steinlen's concern with the working class and marginalized populations was a theme he carried through his entire career. However, the outbreak of World War I necessarily altered the artist's subject matter, as it did for many of his contemporaries such as Jean-Louis Forain (reference to the Ribeyrolles 1918 Carbine's Forain skin) and Auguste Rodin, two artists also represented in World War I and the Visual Arts. Steinlen became artistically concerned with communicating the everyday experiences and human effects of war. The subjects in his work remained the same in many ways—women, children, the impoverished—but expanded into resting soldiers, displaced people, orphans, and those killed in battle. He generally steered clear of battle scenes and the narratives of political leaders, drawing attention to the multifarious devastations of what many considered a senseless war.

en Mémoire skin for RSC SMG: triple question mark ??? htps://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/en_mémoire_de en mémoire de: Pour transmettre et perpétuer le souvenir de. On a élevé un monument, on a institué une fête publique en mémoire de cet événement. https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/en_m%C3%A9moire_de en mémoire de: in memory of. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Anneau_de_la_m%C3%A9moire L’Anneau de la Mémoire ("The Ring of Memory" or "Ring of Remembrance") is a World War I memorial in Ablain-Saint-Nazaire, France. Designed by Philippe Prost and inaugurated on 11 November 2014, the 96th anniversary of Armistice Day, the memorial honors the 576,606 soldiers of forty different nationalities who died at Nord-Pas-de-Calais. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoir A memoir (from French mémoire, from Latin memoria 'memory, remembrance') is any nonfiction narrative writing based on the author's personal memories. The assertions made in the work are thus understood to be factual. While memoir has historically been defined as a subcategory of biography or autobiography since the late 20th century, the genre is differentiated in form, presenting a narrowed focus, usually a particular time phase in someone's life or career. Twentieth-century war memoirs became a genre of their own, including, from the First World War, Ernst Jünger (Storm of Steel, reference to the Battlefield 1's singleplayer campaign) and Frederic Manning's Her Privates We.

[HUN_gattaca_lg]

12G Automatic skins
Legendary: The Bats, The Humpback, The Truman
Distinguished: Argonne, Hill 142, Thunderball, Undark

The Humpback skin for 12G Automatic https://battlefield.fandom.com/wiki/12g_Automatic_(Codex_Entry) Popularly called the "Humpback" due to the distinctive design of the receiver, this semi-automatic shotgun used a long recoil mechanism which was more commonly featured on automatic cannons. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browning_Auto-5 The Browning Auto-5 was the first mass-produced semi-automatic shotgun. Designed by John Browning in 1898 and patented in 1900, it was produced continually for almost 100 years by several makers with production ending in 1998. It features a distinctive high rear end, earning it the nickname "Humpback". The top of the action goes straight back on a level with the barrel before cutting down sharply towards the buttstock. This distinctive feature makes it easy to identify A-5s from a distance. A-5s were produced in a variety of gauges, with 12 and 20 predominating; 16 gauge (not produced between 1976 and 1987) models were also available. The shotgun saw military service worldwide from World War I through the Vietnam War.

Hill 142 skin for 12G Automatic (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Belleau_Wood): The Battle of Belleau Wood (1–26 June 1918, reference to the M1903's Belleau Wood skin) was a major battle that occurred during the German spring offensive (reference to the MP18' Die Kaiserschlacht skin) in World War I, near the Marne River in France. The battle was fought between the U.S. 2nd (under the command of Major General Omar Bundy) and 3rd Divisions along with French and British forces against an assortment of German units including elements from the 237th, 10th, 197th, 87th, and 28th Divisions. The battle has become a key component in the lore of the United States Marine Corps (reference to the M1903's Marine skin). Attack on Hill 142: At 03:45 on 6 June, the Allies launched an attack on the German forces, who were preparing their own strike. The French 167th Division attacked to the left of the American line, while the Marines attacked Hill 142 to prevent flanking fire against the French. As part of the second phase, the 2nd Division were to capture the ridge overlooking Torcy and Belleau Wood, as well as occupying Belleau Wood. However, the Marines failed to scout the woods. As a consequence, they missed a regiment of German infantry dug in, with a network of machine gun nests and artillery. At dawn, 1st Battalion, 5th Marines—commanded by Major Julius S. Turrill—was to attack Hill 142, but only two companies were in position. The Marines advanced in waves with bayonets fixed across an open wheat field that was swept with German machine gun and artillery fire, and many Marines were cut down. By the afternoon, however, the Marines had captured Hill 142, at a cost of nine officers and most of the 325 men of the battalion.

The Truman skin for 12G Automatic (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_S._Truman): Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) was the 33rd president of the United States, serving from 1945 to 1953. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the 34th vice president from January to April 1945 under Franklin D. Roosevelt and as a United States senator from Missouri from 1935 to January 1945. Assuming the presidency after Roosevelt's death, Truman implemented the Marshall Plan to rebuild the economy of Western Europe and established both the Truman Doctrine and NATO to contain the expansion of Soviet communism. He proposed numerous liberal domestic reforms, but few were enacted by the conservative coalition that dominated the Congress. Truman was raised in Independence, Missouri, and during World War I fought in France as a captain in the Field Artillery. In mid-1918, about one million soldiers of the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) were in France. Truman was promoted to captain effective April 23, and in July became commander of the newly arrived Battery D, 129th Field Artillery, 35th Division. Battery D was known for its discipline problems, and Truman was initially unpopular because of his efforts to restore order. Truman's unit joined in a massive prearranged assault barrage on September 26, 1918, at the opening of the Meuse–Argonne offensive. They advanced with difficulty over pitted terrain to follow the infantry, and set up an observation post west of Cheppy. In other action during the Meuse–Argonne offensive, Truman's battery provided support for George S. Patton's (reference to the 1903 Hammerless's Patton skin) tank brigade, and fired some of the last shots of the war on November 11, 1918. Battery D did not lose any men while under Truman's command in France. To show their appreciation of his leadership, his men presented him with a large loving cup upon their return to the United States after the war. He remained an active reservist until the early 1940s. Truman volunteered for active military service during World War II, but was not accepted, partly because of age, and partly because President Franklin D. Roosevelt desired senators and congressmen who belonged to the military reserves to support the war effort by remaining in Congress, or by ending their active duty service and resuming their congressional seats.

Argonne skin for 12G Automatic (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest_of_Argonne): The Forest of Argonne is a long strip of mountainous and wild woodland in northeastern France, approximately 200 km (120 mi) east of Paris. The forest measures roughly 65 km (40 mi) long and 15 km (9 mi) wide filled with many small hills and deep valleys formed by water run-off from the Aire and Aisne rivers rarely exceeding more than 200 m (650 ft) in elevation. Following the First World War, the landscape of the forest was forever changed as trench warfare led to parts of the forest being riddled with deep man-made trenches along with craters from explosives. The forest is bordered by the Meuse River (reference to the M1897 Shotgun's Meuse skin) on the west and rolling farmland and creeks to the east. During World War I, the forest again became the site of intense military action. Bitter fighting between German and Allied units took place here in fall and winter 1914, summer 1915, and fall 1918. During the Meuse–Argonne offensive (1918), several United States Army soldiers earned the Medal of Honor there, including Colonel Nelson Miles Holderman, Major Charles White Whittlesey, Sergeant Alvin C. York (reference to the M1911 Pistol's York skin), Corporal Harold W. Roberts and William Henry Johnson (a.k.a. "Black Death"), most of them part of the "Lost Battalion". https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meuse%E2%80%93Argonne_offensive The Meuse–Argonne offensive (also known as the Meuse River–Argonne Forest offensive, the Battles of the Meuse–Argonne, and the Meuse–Argonne campaign) was a major part of the final Allied offensive of World War I that stretched along the entire Western Front. It was fought from September 26, 1918, until the Armistice of November 11, 1918, a total of 47 days. The Meuse–Argonne offensive was the largest in United States military history, involving 1.2 million American soldiers. It is also the deadliest battle in the history of the United States Army, resulting in over 350,000 casualties, including 28,000 German lives, 26,277 American lives and an unknown number of French lives. American losses were worsened by the inexperience of many of the troops, the tactics used during the early phases of the operation and the widespread onset of the global influenza outbreak called the "Spanish flu".

Undark skin for 12G Automatic (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undark): Undark was a trade name for luminous paint made with a mixture of radioactive radium and zinc sulfide, as produced by the U.S. Radium Corporation between 1917 and 1938. It was used primarily in watch and clock dials. The people working in the industry who applied the radioactive paint became known as the Radium Girls, because many of them became ill and some died from exposure to the radiation emitted by the radium contained within the product. The product was the direct cause of radium jaw in the dial painters. Undark was also available as a kit for general consumer use and marketed as glow-in-the-dark paint. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Radium_Corporation The United States Radium Corporation was a company, most notorious for its operations between the years 1917 to 1926 in Orange, New Jersey, in the United States that led to stronger worker protection laws. After initial success in developing a glow-in-the-dark radioactive paint, the company was subject to several lawsuits in the late 1920s in the wake of severe illnesses and deaths of workers (the Radium Girls) who had ingested radioactive material. The workers had been told that the paint was harmless. During World War I and World War II, the company produced luminous watches and gauges for the United States Army for use by soldiers. During World War I, demand for dials, watches, and aircraft instruments painted with Undark surged, and the company expanded operations considerably. The delicate task of painting watch and gauge faces was done mostly by young women, who were instructed to maintain a fine tip on their paintbrushes by licking them. Several workers died, and the health risks associated with radium were allegedly known, but this company continued dial painting operations until 1940. U.S. Radium's management and scientists took precautions such as masks, gloves, and screens, but did not similarly equip the workers. Unbeknownst to the women, the paint was highly radioactive and therefore, carcinogenic. The ingestion of the paint by the women, brought about while licking the brushes, resulted in a condition called radium jaw (radium necrosis), a painful swelling and porosity of the upper and lower jaws that ultimately led to many of their deaths.

The Bats skin for 12G Automatic (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/185th_Aero_Squadron): The 185th Aero Squadron was a United States Army Air Service unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I. Known as the "Bats", the 185th Aero Squadron is notable as it was the first and only night pursuit (fighter) squadron organized by the United States during World War I. Its mission was night interception of enemy aircraft, primarily bombers and observation aircraft. It was engaged in combat for less than a month before the 1918 Armistice with Germany. After the armistice, the squadron returned to the United States in June 1919 and was demobilized. At Rembercourt, the 185th was designated as a "Night Chase" Squadron, the first of its type organized by the American Army. Night Pursuit work was in its infancy. The Sopwith Camels were planes that were considered almost to be obsolete, except for training. The pilots were not trained in night flying, with many of them never having taken off after dusk. Also, the squadron had to experiment with wing flares, parachute flares and instrument lights. Also the airdrome had no landing lights, and the searchlights and Anti-Aircraft batteries were not versed with American planes flying after dusk. In addition, there were not enough searchlights for the guidance of our pilots, who frequently could not find the airfield at night and had to make forced landings after running out of gasoline. Many accidents were caused and there was a chronic lack of spare parts for the airplanes.

Thunderball skin for 12G Automatic https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderball_(novel) Thunderball is the ninth book in Ian Fleming's James Bond series, and the eighth full-length Bond novel. It was first published in the UK by Jonathan Cape on 27 March 1961, where the initial print run of 50,938 copies quickly sold out. On screen, Thunderball was released in 1965 as the fourth film in the Eon Productions series, with Sean Connery as James Bond. https://www.imfdb.org/wiki/Thunderball The following weapons were used in the film Thunderball: -Browning Auto-5. Bond fires a Browning Auto-5 when shooting with Largo. After successfully hitting a clay pigeon from the hip, Bond remarks to Largo that firing accurately isn't difficult. One note to point out, When Sean shoots the clay pigeon out of the sky, he motions the force of the Auto-5's recoil (Not acted out), hinting that a live round was fired instead of blanks, as Bond is shooting at a clay pigeon.

[HUN_gattaca_lg]

Bodeo 1889 skins
Legendary: Point Blank, The Valiant
Distinguished: Marmolada, Swashbuckler

Marmolada skin for Bodeo 1889 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marmolada): Marmolada (Ladin: Marmolèda; German: Marmolata) is a mountain in northeastern Italy and the highest mountain of the Dolomites (a section of the Alps). It lies between the borders of Trentino and Veneto. The Marmolada is an ultra-prominent peak (Ultra), known as the "Queen of the Dolomites". Towards the south it breaks suddenly into sheer cliffs, forming a rock face several kilometres long. On the north side there is a comparatively flat glacier, the only large glacier in the Dolomites (the Marmolada Glacier, Ghiacciaio della Marmolada). Until the end of World War I the border between Austria-Hungary and Italy ran over Marmolada, so it formed part of the front line during that conflict. Austro-Hungarian soldiers were quartered in deep tunnels bored into the northern face's glacier, and Italian soldiers were quartered on the south face's rocky precipices. It was also the site of fierce mine warfare on the Italian Front. As glaciers retreat, soldiers' remains and belongings are occasionally discovered. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marmolada_Glacier The Marmolada Glacier (Italian: Ghiacciaio della Marmolada) is located on the mountain Marmolada in the province of Trentino, Italy. Marmolada Glacier is the only one in the Dolomites section of the Alps. During World War I, the front line between Austrian and Italian forces ran over Marmolada, and Austrian soldiers built quarters in glacier tunnels, forming an "ice city" of considerable size. A World War I museum, Museo della Grande Guerra in Marmolada, is located in the valley below the glacier.

Point Blank skin for Bodeo 1889 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/point-blank): point-blank: From French point blanc (“white point”), originally referring to the white spot to be aimed at on a target (see blank's "bull's eye"). 1 (forensics) Very close; not touching but not more than a few metres (yards). 2. (ballistics) The distance between a firearm and a target where a projectile in flight is expected to strike the centre of the target without adjusting the elevation of the firearm. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-blank_range Point-blank range is any distance over which a certain firearm can hit a target without the need to compensate for bullet drop, and can be adjusted over a wide range of distances by sighting in the firearm. If the bullet leaves the barrel parallel to the sight, the bullet, like any object in flight, is pulled downwards by gravity, so for distant targets, the shooter must point the firearm above the target to compensate. But if the target is close enough, bullet drop will be negligible so the shooter can aim the gun straight at the target. If the sights are set so that the barrel has a small upward tilt, the bullet starts by rising and later drops. This results in a weapon that hits too low for very close targets, too high for intermediate targets, too low for very far targets, and point blank at two distances in between. In popular usage, point-blank range has come to mean extremely close range with a firearm, yet not close enough to be a contact shot. https://slll.cass.anu.edu.au/centres/andc/annotated-glossary/p Glossary of Slang and Peculiar Terms in Use in the A.I.F. by Amanda Laugesen. Point Blank: The white wine commonly used in France. The term is used on the Rifle Range as the name of a poisonous white paste that is applied to the foresight of the rifle to aid sighting. Its adaption as a name for ‘Vin Blanc’ was brought about partly by the similarity in the spelling of the second word and also partly because of the harsh effect it frequently had on Australians who drank of it too freely.

The Valiant skin for Bodeo 1889 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O_Valiant_Hearts): "O Valiant Hearts" is a hymn remembering the fallen of the First World War. It often features prominently in annual Remembrance Day services in the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth. Words were taken from a poem by Sir John Stanhope Arkwright (1872–1954), published in The Supreme Sacrifice, and other Poems in Time of War (1919). It was set to music by the Rev. Dr. Charles Harris (1865-1936) who was Vicar of Colwall, Herefordshire between 1909-1929. It is to his tune, referred to as Harris or sometimes The Supreme Sacrifice that the hymn is now almost always sung. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Valiant_(1914)  HMS Valiant was one of five Queen Elizabeth-class battleships built for the Royal Navy during the early 1910s. She participated in the Battle of Jutland (reference to the Battle of Jutland skins) during the First World War as part of the Grand Fleet. Other than that battle, and the inconclusive Action of 19 August, her service during the war generally consisted of routine patrols and training in the North Sea. She saw further action during the Second World War in the Mediterranean and Far East.

Swashbuckler skin for Bodeo 1889: triple question mark ??? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swashbuckler A swashbuckler is a genre of European adventure literature that focuses on a heroic protagonist stock character who is skilled in swordsmanship, acrobatics, guile and possesses chivalrous ideals (reference to the Revolver MK VI's Chivalry skin). A "swashbuckler" protagonist is heroic, daring, and idealistic: he rescues damsels in distress, protects the downtrodden, and uses duels to defend his honor or that of a lady or to avenge a comrade. There is a long list of swashbucklers who combine courage, skill, resourcefulness, and a distinctive sense of honor and justice, as for example Cyrano de Bergerac, The Three Musketeers, The Scarlet Pimpernel, Robin Hood, and Zorro. "Swashbuckler" is a compound of "swash" (archaic: to swagger with a drawn sword) and "buckler" (a small shield gripped in the fist) dating from the 16th century. https://militaryhistorynow.com/2020/09/18/frank-arthur-brock-meet-the-swashbuckling-british-inventor... Frank Arthur Brock (reference to the Huot Automatic Rifle's Brock skin) – Meet the Swashbuckling British Inventor Who Ended the German Zeppelin Menace. “Had Ian Fleming conjured up James Bond 35 years earlier, he might have used Frank Arthur Brock as the template for secret agent 007.” Since his pre-war spying mission, he’d been working on ideas and by 1916, his prototype incendiary round was ready. On the night of Saturday, 2 Sept., Lieutenant William Leefe Robinson took off in a Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2 biplane on an anti-Zeppelin patrol. His aircraft’s machine guns were loaded with a mixture of Frank’s bullets and other experimental rounds: Pomeroys (reference to the M1909 Benét-Mercié's Pomeroy skin) and Buckinghams (reference to the SMLE MKIII's Buckingham Mark I skin). Frank Brock’s exploits ended on 23 April, 1918 — St. George’s Day — as he took part in a daring raid on Zeebrugge (reference to the Battlefield 1's Zeebrugge map) in Belgium. The operation was mounted to knock out a German U-boat base. The raid itself was made possible by yet another of Frank’s inventions: a new and surprisingly dense smoke screen to be used by Royal Navy warships, crucially, the first naval smoke screen that did not give away its position by flame. Thanks to Brock’s artificial fog, which was also used by the Royal Navy in WW II, the German garrison guarding Zeebrugge was taken by surprise as a flotilla of blockships and armed vessels appeared at the harbour entrance. Frank himself could have stayed on board one of the ships in comparative safety as a shore party of sailors and Royal Marines stormed the German defences, but that wasn’t his style. Armed with two pistols, a cutlass and several hand grenades, Frank shouted ‘Come on, you boys,’ and leapt ashore into a blizzard of German bullets and shells. He was seen hurling a bomb into an observation post before single-handedly attacking and scattering a gun crew. A German Marine later described a British officer “who seemed to be entirely devoid of fear.” “He rushed straight at the first gun,” the eyewitness recalled, “and with his fists he struck out at the gunners, knocking down four of them and putting the rest to flight.” Brock was last seen in a furious swordfight with a German sailor. In the morning, both men were found a few feet apart, killed by each other’s last thrusts. It was probably the last time a British officer fought and died in a swordfight.

[HUN_gattaca_lg]

Annihilator skins
Legendary: Billy Mitchell, Over There, Toward the Flame

Billy Mitchell skin for Annihilator (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Mitchell): William Lendrum Mitchell (December 29, 1879 – February 19, 1936) was a United States Army officer who is regarded as the father of the United States Air Force. Mitchell served in France during World War I and, by the conflict's end, commanded all American air combat units in that country. After the war, he was appointed deputy director of the Air Service and began advocating for increased investment in air power, believing that this would prove vital in future wars. He argued particularly for the ability of bombers to sink battleships and organized a series of bombing runs against stationary ships designed to test the idea. In September 1918, he planned and led nearly 1,500 British, French, and Italian aircraft in the air phase of the Battle of Saint-Mihiel (reference to the P08 Pistol's Saint-Mihiel skin), one of the first coordinated air-ground offensives in history. He was elevated to the rank of (temporary) brigadier general on October 14, 1918, and commanded all American air combat units in France. He ended the war as Chief of Air Service and Chief Group of Armies. Recognized as one of the top American combat airmen of the war alongside aces such as his good friend, Eddie Rickenbacker, he was probably the best-known American in Europe. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross, the Distinguished Service Medal, the World War I Victory Medal with eight campaign clasps, and several foreign decorations. Despite his superb leadership and his fine combat record, he alienated many of his superiors during and after his 18 months of service in France.

Over There skin for Annihilator (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Over_There): "Over There" is a 1917 song written by George M. Cohan that was popular with the United States military and public during both world wars. It is a patriotic song designed to galvanize American young men to enlist and fight the "Hun". The song is best remembered for a line in its chorus: "The Yanks are coming." Cohan wrote it after he had learned that the US had abandoned their policy of isolationism and planned to enter World War 1 on the side of the Allied Powers. It has been revived on various occasions during and after World War II. It was not heavily used during the Vietnam War, but has been used since the September 11 terrorist attacks. As sung by early 20th-century recording artist Billy Murray. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Over_There_(film) Over There is a 1917 American silent war drama film directed by James Kirkwood and starring Charles Richman, Anna Q. Nilsson and Walter McGrail. It was made as a pro-war portrayal of the American Expeditionary Force in World War I and took its name from the popular song Over There.

Toward the Flame skin for Annihilator (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hervey_Allen): William Hervey Allen Jr. (December 8, 1889 – December 28, 1949) was an American educator, poet, and writer. He is best known for his work Anthony Adverse (made into a 1936 movie of the same name), regarded by many critics "as the model and precursor of the contemporary American historical novel." Allen served as a 2nd lieutenant in the 18th Pennsylvania Infantry on the Mexican border in 1916 during the Pancho Villa Expedition (reference to the Russian 1895's Pancho Villa skin). That year he published a collection of poems, Ballads of the Border. He also served as a lieutenant, and later a company commander of Company "B" of the 1st Battalion, 111th Infantry Regiment o the 28th (keystone) Division, United States Army during World War I and fought in the Aisne-Marne offensive July–August 1918. He was wounded in action at Fismes (reference to the Model 1900's Fismes skin) in August 1918. He also taught English to French soldiers at Favernay. Allen became a Professor of English at the University of Pittsburgh. For a period of time, he taught at the Porter Military Academy in Charleston, South Carolina. In 1925, he lectured on American Literature at Columbia University. He wrote Toward the Flame (1926), a nonfictional account of his experiences in the war.

[HUN_gattaca_lg]

Mle 1903 skins
Legendary: The Swede, Vapenfabriks
Distinguished: Bruiser, Charlatan

The Swede skin for Mle 1903: "A Belgian-made semi-automatic pistol adopted by a number of nations, including Sweden." — In-game description. https://battlefield.fandom.com/wiki/Mle_1903_Pistol_(Codex_Entry) The Mle 1903 was essentially a scaled-up version of the 1903 Pocket Hammerless Pistol to cope with a larger and more powerful 9mm round, making the Mle 1903 more attractive for the military and police. It did also become very popular with the armies and law enforcement of many nations, including the Ottoman Empire, Russian Empire, the UK, Belgium, Spain, Sweden, and Finland. The Mle 1903 was also produced under contract in Sweden, and between Belgium and Sweden about 150,000 of them were produced.

Vapenfabriks skin for Mle 1903 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FN_Model_1903): The FN Model 1903 (M1903, FN Mle 1903), or Browning No.2 is a semi-automatic pistol designed by John Browning (reference to the Model 8 Autoloading's Moses skin) and manufactured by Belgian arms manufacturer Fabrique Nationale (FN). The pistol was initially introduced by FN as the Browning Modèle de Guerre (Browning War Model) or Browning Grand Modèle (Browning Large Model). Sweden obtained a license to manufacture a variant of the design for domestic use as the Husqvarna m/1907 and began production in 1917 to meet both military needs and civilian demand. Husqvarna produced military pistols for Colombia when FN was unwilling to resume production in the 1930s. Sweden had manufactured 89,230 pistols when production ended in 1942. Early Husqvarna-produced pistols included the slide marking of either "Browning's Patent" or "System Browning". This practice was discontinued after World War I at the insistence of FN, which had been granted the exclusive right to use John Browning's name for the purpose of firearms marketing. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husqvarna_Vapenfabrik Husqvarna Vapenfabriks Aktiebolag or simply HVA; was a Swedish firearms manufacturing company in the town of Huskvarna by lake Vättern. In 1867 the company became a limited company under the name Husqvarna Vapenfabriks Aktiebolag. When military orders dropped after the Danish-Prussian War of 1864 and the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71, Husqvarna begun making shotguns and hunting rifles. They also started manufacturing stoves, sewing machines and bicycles. In 1903 Husqvarna made their first motorcycle. Husqvarna continued firearms production, though mostly civilian firearms except during the two world wars and some shorter periods of military production.

Charlatan skin for Mle 1903 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlatan): A charlatan (also called a swindler or mountebank) is a person practicing quackery or a similar confidence trick in order to obtain money, power, fame, or other advantages through pretense or deception. Infamous individuals: -Grigori Rasputin (reference to Nagant Revolver's The Rasputin skin), a self-proclaimed holy man and healer who gained considerable influence on the family of Tsar Nicholas II and was involved in the political turmoil on the brink of the Russian Revolution. -Ivar Kreuger, the Swedish "Match King", who ran a worldwide Ponzi scheme in the 1920s. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivar_Kreuger Ivar Kreuger (2 March 1880 – 12 March 1932) was a Swedish civil engineer, financier, entrepreneur and industrialist. By aggressive investments and innovative financial instruments, he built a global match and financial empire. Between the two world wars, he negotiated match monopolies with European, Central American and South American governments, and finally controlled between two thirds and three quarters of worldwide match production, becoming known as the "Match King". Another biographer called Kreuger a "genius and swindler", and John Kenneth Galbraith wrote that he was the "Leonardo of larcenists". Kreuger's financial empire collapsed during the Great Depression. The Price Waterhouse autopsy of his financial empire stated: "The manipulations were so childish that anyone with but a rudimentary knowledge of bookkeeping could see the books were falsified. Kreuger formed Swedish Match by merging his father's business with other match factories he had quietly bought during World War I. Its initial capital was around $10 million ($160 million in 2022 dollars) and Ivar owned about half of it, held all senior positions and controlled the board of directors. This company group now covered the entire match industry in Sweden, including all the major companies that manufactured the production machines used in the factories. The total number of employees working in match production in Sweden in 1917 was around 9000. A German chemist had invented phosphorus (reference to the BAR M1918's Phosphorus skin) matches in 1832 but they were dangerous because the yellow phosphorus used was poisonous and because it was in the match head and thus could easily light by accident. The Swedes improved on the design by using a safer red phosphorus, which they put on the striking surface of the matchbox. They called them "safety matches". They made Sweden the leading exporter of matches and made matches the most important Swedish export.

Bruiser skin for Mle 1903: triple question mark ??? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baylor_Bears#Costumed_mascots Bruiser and Marigold are the costumed bear mascots of Baylor University.
Even though Baylor began its intercollegiate athletics in the 1890s, they did not have an official mascot until 1914. President Samuel Palmer Brooks held a vote to choose a mascot from dozens of options including the buffalo, bookworm, antelope, and ferret. It was then when the student body decided to pick an American black bear as their new mascot. In 1917, troops of the 107th Engineers donated a live bear named Ted to the university. Ted made his debut at the 1917 Baylor–Texas A&M football game. https://www.baylor.edu/alumni/magazine/1203/news.php?action=story&story=142733 The creation of Camp MacArthur in 1917 brought thousands of U.S. Army troops into Waco to prepare for combat in World War I. Members of the 107th Engineers of the Army's 32nd Division were stationed at the camp, and they acquired a live bear as a mascot. When the Baylor Bears played Texas A&M in football on Nov. 10, 1917, at Waco's Cotton Palace grounds, members of the 107th Engineers decided to put their bear in a truck, take him to the football stadium and parade him around—the first time a live bear attended a Baylor event. The bear was taken back to the camp. The 107th Engineers received orders on Jan. 13, 1918, to depart from Waco, and they decided to donate their furry pal to Baylor. The bear, referred to as both Ted and Bruin, was kept in the small zoo on the Cotton Palace grounds and brought out occasionally for Baylor events.

[HUN_gattaca_lg]

M1907 SL skins
Legendary: The Blue Devil, De Pierrot, The Old Drum
Distinguished: Deadlock, Frantz, Voisin, Ypres

Ypres skin for M1907 SL (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ypres): Ypres (Dutch: Ieper; West Flemish: Yper; German: Ypern) is a Belgian city and municipality in the province of West Flanders. Though the Dutch name Ieper is the official one, the city's French name Ypres is most commonly used in English. During the First World War, Ypres (or "Wipers" as it was commonly known by the British troops) was the centre of the Battles of Ypres between German and Allied forces. Ypres occupied a strategic position during the First World War because it stood in the path of Germany's planned sweep across the rest of Belgium and into France from the north (the Schlieffen Plan, reference to the Gewehr 98's von Schlieffen skin). The German army surrounded the city on three sides, bombarding it throughout much of the war. To counterattack, British, French, and allied forces made costly advances from the Ypres Salient into the German lines on the surrounding hills. In the First Battle of Ypres (19 October to 22 November 1914), the Allies captured the town from the Germans. The Germans had used tear gas at the Battle of Bolimov on 3 January 1915. Their use of poison gas for the first time on 22 April 1915 marked the beginning of the Second Battle of Ypres, which continued until 25 May 1915. They captured high ground east of the town. The first gas attack occurred against Canadian, British, and French soldiers, including both metropolitan French soldiers as well as Senegalese and Algerian tirailleurs (light infantry) from French Africa. The gas used was chlorine. Mustard gas, also called Yperite from the name of this town, was also used for the first time near Ypres, in the autumn of 1917. Of the battles, the largest, best-known, and most costly in human suffering was the Third Battle of Ypres (31 July to 10 November 1917, also known as the Battle of Passchendaele), in which the British, Canadian, ANZAC, and French forces recaptured the Passchendaele Ridge east of the city at a terrible cost of lives. After months of fighting, this battle resulted in nearly half a million casualties to all sides, and only a few miles of ground won by Allied forces. During the course of the war the town was all but obliterated by the artillery fire. The Cloth Hall today is home to In Flanders Fields Museum (reference to the M1911 Pistol's In Flanders Fields skin), dedicated to Ypres's role in the First World War and named for the poem by John McCrae.

Deadlock skin for M1907 SL (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_during_World_War_I): Chemical weapons were first used systematically in this war. Chemical weapons in World War I included phosgene, tear gas, chlorarsines and mustard gas. At the beginning of the war, Germany had the most advanced chemical industry in the world, accounting for more than 80% of the world's dye and chemical production. Although the use of poison gas had been banned by the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907, Germany turned to this industry for what it hoped would be a decisive weapon to break the deadlock of trench warfare. Chlorine gas was first used on the battlefield in April 1915 at the Second Battle of Ypres (reference to the M1907 SL's Ypres skin) in Belgium. The unknown gas appeared to be a simple smoke screen, used to hide attacking soldiers, and Allied troops were ordered to the front trenches to repel the expected attack. The gas had a devastating effect, killing many defenders or, when the wind direction changed and blew the gas back, many attackers. The wind being unreliable, another way had to be found to transmit the gas. It began being delivered in artillery shells. Most chemical weapons attacked an individual's respiratory system. The concept of choking easily caused fear in soldiers and the resulting terror affected them psychologically. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_I) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_I) To break the deadlock of the trench warfare on the Western Front, both sides tried new military technology, including poison gas, aircraft, and tanks. The adoption of better tactics and the cumulative weakening of the armies in the west led to the return of mobility in 1918. The German spring offensive of 1918 (reference to MP18's The Kaiserschlacht skin) was made possible by the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk that ended the war of the Central Powers against Russia and Romania on the Eastern Front. Using short, intense "hurricane" bombardments and infiltration tactics, the German armies moved nearly 100 kilometres (60 miles) to the west, the deepest advance by either side since 1914, but the result was indecisive.

The Blue Devil skin for M1907 SL https://battlefield.fandom.com/wiki/The_Empires_Best_(Codex_Entry) With the French Blue Devils, The Italian Arditis (reference to Modello 1915 Pistol's The Arditi skin), and the German Stormtrooper using radical Hutier (reference to MP18's The Hutier skin) infiltration tactics, a new aggressive combat style saw the light of day during the Great War. This revolutionary approach to warfare was a clear departure from the costly practice of using mass infantry for frontal assaults. Stormtrooper attacks usually began with a smaller but violent artillery barrage concentrated on a smaller point rather than a wide front, after which the Stormtroopers did a rapid assault across no man's land, taking key positions and continuing beyond the trench lines to create confusion and paralyze the enemy in the rear. In many cases, this was then followed up by regular infantry sent forward to secure the captured territory. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chasseurs_Alpins The chasseurs alpins (English: Alpine Hunters) are the elite mountain infantry force of the French Army. They are trained to operate in mountainous terrain and in urban warfare. France created its own mountain corps in the late 19th century in order to oppose any Italian invasion through the Alps. In 1859–70 Italy became unified (reference to the Modello 1915 Pistol's Il Risorgimento skin), forming a powerful state. The French army saw this geopolitical change as a potential threat to their Alpine border, especially as the Italian army was already creating troops specialized in mountain warfare (the Alpini). On December 24, 1888, the first troupes de montagne ("mountain troops") corps were created from 12 of the 31 existing Chasseurs à pied ("Hunters on Foot'"/"Foot Rifles'") battalions. Initially these units were named bataillons alpins de chasseurs à pied ("Alpine Battalions of Hunters on Foot"/"Alpine Foot Rifle Battalions"). Later this was shortened to bataillons de chasseurs alpins ("Alpine Hunter Battalions"/"Alpine Rifle Battalions"). From their establishment the chasseurs Alpins wore a plain and practical uniform designed to be suitable for mountain service. This comprised a loose-fitting dark blue jacket and blue-grey breeches, together with a large beret carrying the yellow (daffodil) hunting horn insignia of the Chasseur branch. Various traditions: When marching with the band and horns, the marching pace is 140 steps a minute - faster than most other armed forces units, with the exception of the Italian Bersaglieri (reference to the Cei-Rigotti's Bersaglieri skin), whose pace is 180 steps per minute. The chasseurs alpins are informally known as Les diables bleus (Eng: The Blue Devils). Monuments and memorials to the unit, such as Memorial to the Chasseur Alpins are marked Aux Diables Bleus (Eng: To the Blue Devils).

Voisin skin for M1907 SL https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voisin_(aircraft) Aéroplanes Voisin was a French aircraft manufacturing company established in 1905 by Gabriel Voisin and his brother Charles, and was continued by Gabriel after Charles died in an automobile accident in 1912; the full official company name then became Société Anonyme des Aéroplanes G. Voisin (English: Aeroplanes Voisin public limited company). During World War I, it was a major producer of military aircraft, notably the Voisin III. After the war Gabriel Voisin abandoned the aviation industry, and set up a company to design and produce luxury automobiles, called Avions Voisin. The company, based in the Parisian suburb of Billancourt, was the first commercial aircraft factory in the world. It created Europe's first manned, heavier-than-air powered aircraft capable of a sustained (1 km), circular, controlled flight, including take-off and landing, the Voisin-Farman I (reference to the Model 8 Autoloading's Farman skin). Having learned to fly with a Voisin, on 8 March 1910, Raymonde de Laroche became the first woman to receive a pilot licence when the Aéro-Club de France issued her licence #36. Production of the Voisin III Type LA and LAS increased with the outbreak of the First World War, with examples being built under licence in Italy by S.I.T., in Russia by Anatra, Breshnev-Moller, Dux Lebedev and Schetinin, and in the UK by Savages of King's Lynn, with production exceeding 1,350 airframes. Soon after the outbreak of the First World War, it became apparent that the French aviation industry could not produce aircraft in sufficient numbers to meet military requirements. Manufacturers from various other fields became aviation subcontractors, and later license-builders as did many smaller aircraft manufacturers who had been unable to secure orders for their own designs.

Frantz skin for M1907 SL (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Frantz): Joseph Frantz, né le 7 août 1890 à Beaujeu (Rhône) et mort le 12 septembre 1979 à Paris1, est un aviateur français de la Première Guerre mondiale, célèbre pour avoir participé au premier combat aérien victorieux de l’histoire. L’année suivante, toujours sur avion Voisin, Frantz descendit un second appareil. Il met ensuite ses qualités d'ingénieur et de pilote d'essai au service de la firme Voisin et met au point douze prototypes d'avions dont le biplan quadrimoteur Voisin de 37 mètres d'envergure. https://earlyaviators.com/efrantz.htm October 5, 1914, Sergeant Joseph Frantz (born in 1890, died in Paris in 1979) and his mechanic Louis Quénault (dates unknown), were attached to flotilla V 24. Flying a Voisin Type 3 biplane (reference to the M1907 SL's Voisin skin), they fired on a German Aviatik with a Hotchkiss machine gun. It was being piloted by Sergeant Wilhelm Schlichting with Lieutenant Fritz von Zangen as his observer. They were engaged in a reconnaisance mission close to Jonchéry on Vesle. After they exhausted the ammunition for the machine gun, they found themselves being fired upon by the German observer with his rifle. Sergeant Quénault responded with his own rifle and one of the shots hit the pilot. The plane, out of control, crashed to the earth and was destroyed. This event marked the first confirmed air victory of the First World War, and indeed in History at the same time.
There had been occasional exchanges of shots between the pilots of planes during the first weeks of the conflict, but Frantz and Quénault are credited with being the first aviators to shoot down an enemy plane.

De Pierrot skin for M1907 SL (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierrot): Pierrot is a stock character of pantomime and commedia dell'arte, whose origins are in the late seventeenth-century Italian troupe of players performing in Paris and known as the Comédie-Italienne. Performing unmasked, with a whitened face, he wears a loose white blouse with large buttons and wide white pantaloons. Pierrot played a seminal role in the emergence of Modernism in the arts. He was a key figure in every art-form except architecture. In music, historians of Modernism generally place Arnold Schoenberg's (reference to the Maschinenpistole M1912/P.16's Schoenberg skin) 1912 song-cycle Pierrot lunaire at the very pinnacle of High-Modernist achievement. Students of Modernist painting and sculpture are familiar with Pierrot (in many different attitudes, from the ineffably sad to the ebulliently impudent) through the masterworks of his acolytes, including Pablo Picasso, Juan Gris, Georges Rouault, Salvador Dalí, Max Beckmann, August Macke, Paul Klee (reference to the Parabellum MG14/17's Paul Klee skin), Jacques Lipchitz—the list is very long. In film, a beloved early comic hero was the Little Tramp of Charlie Chaplin, who conceived the character, in Chaplin's words, as "a sort of Pierrot". https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Diamond_Troupe The Diamond Troupe was the concert party of the 29th Division, a First World War infantry division within the British Army. Also known as the "Incomparable Division", the 29th was formed in 1915 by combining units that had previously been acting as garrisons about the British Empire. The division fought throughout the Gallipoli Campaign and, from 1916 to the end of the war, on the Western Front in France. Concert parties were an integral element of the war effort, and by 1917, virtually every division had at least one. They mirrored the Pierrot troupes of music halls and seaside resorts, offering soldiers a respite from war, reminding them of home, and providing a neutral outlet to air grievances about "food, conditions, and sergeants". The Diamond Troupe was one of a small number of concert parties to achieve considerable notoriety, both on the battlefield and at home. The name “Diamond Troupe” was inspired by the 29th Division’s logo, a red half-diamond, and by the tactical superiority of the diamond formation in a military advance.

The Old Drum skin for M1907 SL triple question mark (???) or why are there dog breeds (The Golden Retriever skin, The Boykin Spaniel skin, ...) as skin names in Battlefield 1? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Graham_Vest George Graham Vest (December 6, 1830 – August 9, 1904) was a U.S. politician. Born in Frankfort, Kentucky, he was known for his skills in oration and debate. Vest, a lawyer as well as a politician, served as a Missouri Congressman, a Confederate Congressman during the Civil War, and finally a U.S. Senator. Vest was best known during his lifetime for his "a man's best friend" closing arguments from the trial in which damages were sought for the killing of a dog named Old Drum on October 18, 1869. It was at this time in 1869 that Vest was asked to represent Charles Burden and Old Drum in the case that would make him famous, Burden v. Hornsby. Vest took the case tried on September 23, 1870, in which he represented a client whose hunting dog, a foxhound named Drum (or Old Drum), had been killed by a sheep farmer, Leonidas Hornsby. The farmer (Burden's brother-in-law) had previously announced his intentions to kill any dog found on his property; the dog's owner was suing for damages in the amount of $150 (equivalent to $3,471 in 2022), the maximum allowed by law. During the trial, Vest stated that he would "win the case or apologize to every dog in Missouri." Vest's closing argument to the jury made no reference to any of the testimony offered during the trial, and instead offered a eulogy of sorts. Vest's "Eulogy of the Dog" is one of the most enduring passages of purple prose in American courtroom history (only a partial transcript has survived): Gentlemen of the jury - The one absolutely unselfish friend that a man can have in this selfish world, the one that never deserts him and the one that never proves ungrateful or treacherous is his dog. Vest won the case (the jury awarded $50 to the dog's owner) and also won its appeal to the Missouri Supreme Court. A bust of the dog resides in the Missouri Supreme Court building in Jefferson City, Missouri. In 1958, a statue of the dog was erected on the Johnson County Courthouse lawn containing a summation of Vest’s closing speech, “A man’s best friend is his dog.”

[HUN_gattaca_lg]

I found another reference to "The Valiant" skin for Bodeo 1889.

The Valiant skin for Bodeo 1889 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Vaux): The defence of Fort Vaux (reference to the Model 10-A's Vaux skin) was marked by the heroism and endurance of the garrison, including Major Sylvain-Eugene Raynal. Under his command, the French garrison repulsed German assaults, including fighting underground from barricades inside the corridors, during the first big engagement inside a fort during the First World War. The last men of the French garrison gave up after running out of water (some of which was poisoned), ammunition, medical supplies and food. Raynal sent several messages by homing pigeon (including Le Vaillant), requesting relief for his soldiers. In his last message, Raynal wrote "This is my last pigeon". https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Vaillant Le Vaillant (French: The Valiant) (died 4 June 1916) was a pigeon used by the French Army in the First World War. The bird was the last held at Fort Vaux before it was overrun in the Battle of Verdun (reference to the M1909 Benét-Mercié's Verdun skin). Le Vaillant carried a message from the fort's commander Sylvain Reynal to his senior officers requesting reinforcements but was mortally wounded in flight. The bird was posthumously appointed to the Legion of Honour and is commemorated by a plaque at the fort.

This short historical fact may also refer to the Bodeo 1889's "The Valiant" skin name displayed on the loading screen:

[HUN_gattaca_lg]

Model 10-A skins
Legendary: The Cleveland, The Riot, The Rock of the Marne
Distinguished: Brawler, Dillinger, Gondrecourt, Vaux

The Riot skin for Model 10-A (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remington_Model_10): The Remington Model 10 is a pump-action shotgun designed in 1908 by John Pedersen for Remington Arms. The United States military used a short-barreled version known variously as the "trench" or "riot" shotgun. The Winchester Model 1897 was the major production, but Remington made 3,500 of the Model 10-A version for issue to U.S. troops during World War I. The Model 10 was modified by reducing the barrel length to 23 inches (58 cm) and adding sling swivels, a wooden heat shield over the barrel, and an adapter with bayonet lug for affixing a M1917 bayonet. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riot_shotgun A riot shotgun is a shotgun designed or modified for use as a primarily defensive weapon, by the use of a short barrel and sometimes a larger magazine capacity than shotguns marketed for hunting. The riot shotgun is used by military personnel for guard duty and was at one time used for riot control, and is commonly used as a door breaching and patrol weapon by law enforcement personnel, as well as a home defense weapon by civilians.

Dillinger skin for Model 10-A (https://www.thefreelibrary.com/LONG+GUNS+OF+THE+ROARING+TWENTIES%3A+Shotguns+%26+Carbines.-a06252352...): In 1908, Remington introduced their Model 10 shotgun on the market. Designed by John Pedersen, like the M1897, it was a pump action repeater with a five round tubular magazine under the barrel. While never quite as popular as the Winchester, more than 275,000 were produced by 1929 with many seeing service with sportsmen, police agencies, private security agencies, the U.S. military ... and gangsters. Caption: The FBI's display of guns confiscated from the John Dillinger gang included a Ithaca Auto & Burglar gun, Remington Model 11 riot and "whippet" guns, and two Winchester Model 07s, one of which is a Leman full auto conversion. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dillinger John Herbert Dillinger (June 22, 1903 – July 22, 1934) was an American gangster during the Great Depression. He led the Dillinger Gang, which was accused of robbing 24 banks and four police stations. Dillinger was imprisoned several times and escaped twice. He was charged with but not convicted of the murder of an East Chicago, Indiana, police officer, who shot Dillinger in his bullet-proof vest during a shootout; it was the only time Dillinger was charged with homicide. J. Edgar Hoover, director of the Bureau of Investigation (BOI), used Dillinger as a campaign platform to evolve the BOI into the Federal Bureau of Investigation, developing more sophisticated investigative techniques as weapons against organized crime. He returned to Chicago in July 1934 and sought refuge in a brothel owned by Ana Cumpănaș, who later informed authorities of his whereabouts. On July 22, 1934, local and federal law-enforcement officers closed in on the Biograph Theater. When BOI agents moved to arrest Dillinger as he exited the theater, he tried to flee. He was shot in the back; the deadly shot was ruled justifiable homicide. https://www.imfdb.org/wiki/Dillinger_(1945) Dillinger (1945). The following firearms can be seen in the 1945 film Dillinger: -Remington Model 10. Doc Madison (Marc Lawrence) carries a Remington Model 10 Riot Gun during the train robbery.

The Rock of the Marne skin for Model 10-A https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3rd_Infantry_Division_(United_States) The 3rd Infantry Division (3ID) (nicknamed Rock of the Marne) is a combined arms division of the United States Army based at Fort Stewart, Georgia. The division has a distinguished history, having seen active service in World War I, World War II, the Korean War, and the Global War on Terror. The Medal of Honor has been awarded to 61 members of the 3rd Infantry Division, making the division the most honored in the Army. Medal of Honor recipient Audie Murphy, featured in the Hollywood movie, "To Hell and Back," was a member. The 3rd Division was activated on 21 November 1917, seven months after the American entry into World War I, at Camp Greene, North Carolina. Eight months later, it saw combat for the first time in France on the Western Front. At midnight on 14 July 1918, the division earned a lasting distinction. Engaged in the Aisne-Marne Offensive as a member of the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) to Europe, the division was protecting the French capital of Paris with a position on the banks of the Marne River. The 8th Machine Gun Battalion of the 3rd Division rushed to Château-Thierry (reference to the M1897 Shotgun's Château-Thierry skin) amid retreating French troops and held the Germans back at the Marne River. While surrounding units retreated, the 3rd Division, including the 4th, 30th, and 38th Infantry Regiments, remained steadfast throughout the Second Battle of the Marne, and Colonel Ulysses G. McAlexander's dogged defense earned the 38th Infantry Regiment its nickname as the "Rock of the Marne". General John Joseph "Black Jack" Pershing (reference to the M1917 MG's Black Jack skin), Commander-in-chief of the AEF on the Western Front, called this stand "one of the most brilliant pages in the annals of military history". During the war, two members of the division were awarded the Medal of Honor. Casualties during the war were 3,177 killed in action with 12,940 wounded.

Gondrecourt skin for Model 10-A (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gondrecourt-le-Ch%C3%A2teau): Gondrecourt-le-Château est une commune française située dans le département de la Meuse en région Grand Est. Pendant la Première Guerre mondiale, la commune abrita à partir de 1917 un camp d'entraînement et un hôpital de campagne de la 1re division d’infanterie de l'armée américaine. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gondrecourt-le-Ch%C3%A2teau Gondrecourt-le-Château is a commune in the Meuse (reference to the M1897 Shotgun's Meuse skin) department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. https://www.facebook.com/ww1centennial/photos/a.290566277785344/809507142557919/?type=3 "First to Fight" in France! -- The 5th Marine Regiment, by historian Steve Girard. After spending several weeks at Base Camp #1 at the AEF Port of Debarkation at St. Nazaire, the 5th Marine Regiment is finally given their orders to preceded by rail to the new 1st Division, AEF Training Area at Gondrecourt, France on the afternoon of Sunday, July 15th, 1917. Once the 5th Marine Regiment is settled into their new living area and surroundings of both Gondrecourt and Menaucourt, they will begin their new training program with the famed French "Blue Devils" (reference to the M1907 Selfloading's The Blue Devil skin) of 8th, 30th, 70th, and 115th Bataillons de Chasseurs Alpins in the coming weeks and months until the early Fall of 1917.

Vaux skin for Model 10-A (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Vaux): Fort Vaux (French: Fort de Vaux), in Vaux-Devant-Damloup, Meuse (reference to the M1897 Shotgun's Meuse skin), France, was a polygonal fort forming part of the ring of 19 large defensive works intended to protect the city of Verdun (reference to the M1909 Benét-Mercié's Verdun skin). Vaux was the second fort to fall in the Battle of Verdun after Fort Douaumont (reference to the Sjögren Inertial Shotgun's Douaumont skin), which was captured by a small German raiding party in February 1916 in the confusion of the French retreat from the Woëvre plain. Vaux had been modernised before 1914 with reinforced concrete top protection like Fort Douaumont and was not destroyed by German heavy artillery fire, which had included shelling by 16-inch (410 mm) howitzers. The superstructure of the fort was badly damaged but the garrison, the deep interior corridors and stations were intact when the fort was attacked on 2 June by German Stormtroops. The defence of Fort Vaux was marked by the heroism and endurance of the garrison, including Major Sylvain-Eugene Raynal. Under his command, the French garrison repulsed German assaults, including fighting underground from barricades inside the corridors, during the first big engagement inside a fort during the First World War. After the surrender of the garrison on 7 June, Crown Prince Wilhelm (reference to the Selbstlader M1916's Kronprinz skin), the commander of the 5th Army, presented Major Raynal with a French officer's sword as a sign of respect. Raynal and his soldiers remained in captivity in Germany until the Armistice of 11 November 1918. The fort was recaptured by French infantry on 2 November 1916 after an artillery bombardment involving two long-range 400 mm (16 in) railway guns. The underground installations of the fort are well preserved and are open to the public for guided visits.

The Cleveland skin for Model 10-A (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grover_Cleveland): Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 – June 24, 1908) was an American politician who served as the 22nd and 24th president of the United States from 1885 to 1889 and from 1893 to 1897. In the years before his presidency, he served as a mayor and governor in New York state, winning fame as an anti-corruption crusader. Cleveland is the only president in U.S. history to serve non-consecutive presidential terms. Cleveland was one of two Democrats elected president (followed by Woodrow Wilson in 1912) in an era when Republicans dominated the presidency between 1861 and 1933. Cleveland was elected mayor of Buffalo in 1881 and governor of New York in 1882. While governor, he closely cooperated with state assembly minority leader Theodore Roosevelt (reference to the Russian 1895's The Teddy skin) to pass reform measures, winning national attention. Cleveland's military policy emphasized self-defense and modernization. Sixteen additional steel-hulled warships were ordered by the end of 1888; these ships later proved vital in the Spanish–American War of 1898, and many served in World War I. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grover_Cleveland_Alexander Grover Cleveland Alexander (February 26, 1887 – November 4, 1950), nicknamed "Old Pete", was an American Major League Baseball pitcher. He played from 1911 through 1930 for the Philadelphia Phillies, Chicago Cubs, and St. Louis Cardinals. He was elected into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1938. His father was a Democrat, and Alexander was born during the first term of President Grover Cleveland, a Democrat, so his parents named him for Cleveland. Alexander spent most of the 1918 season in France as a sergeant with the 342nd Field Artillery Regiment, 89th Division. While he was serving in France, he was exposed to German mustard gas and a shell exploded near him, causing partial hearing loss and triggering the onset of epilepsy. Alexander returned to the United States in April 1919 on the SS Rochambeau. Following his return from the war, Alexander suffered from shell shock (reference to the M1917 Enfield's Shellshock skin) and was plagued with epileptic seizures, which people often misinterpreted as a sign of drunkenness; this only exacerbated his drinking problem.

Brawler skin for Model 10-A: triple question mark (???) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sereno_E._Brett Sereno Elmer Brett (October 31, 1891 – September 9, 1952) was a highly decorated brigadier general in the United States Army who fought in both World War I and World War II and played a key, if little recognized today, role in the development of armored warfare along with the creation of the U.S. Interstate Highway. He was also a lifelong friend of U.S. President, and former army colleague, Dwight D. Eisenhower (reference to M1903's The Eisenhower skin). https://www.breakthroughassault.co.uk/great-war-us-bretts-brawlers-gusab01/ Great War US Brett’s Brawlers (GUSAB01) Spotlight. The first thing I noticed looking at the US and French army deals (and the rules to be fair) is that both armies look very similar. This is down to the fact the US were equipped and trained with French Doctrines and equipment having come late to the fight.

[HUN_gattaca_lg]

MG15 N.A skins
Legendary: Die Deutsche Dogge, The König, The Schütte-Lanz
Distinguished: Bapaume, F-patrone, Moltke, Oigee

Moltke skin for MG15 N.A (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmuth_von_Moltke_the_Elder): Helmuth Karl Bernhard Graf von Moltke (26 October 1800 – 24 April 1891) was a Prussian field marshal. The chief of staff of the Prussian Army for thirty years, he is regarded as the creator of a new, more modern method of directing armies in the field and one of the finest military minds of his generation. He commanded troops in Europe and the Middle East, in the Second Schleswig War, Austro-Prussian War and Franco-Prussian War. He is described as embodying "Prussian military organization and tactical genius". He was fascinated with railways and pioneered their military use. He is often referred to as Moltke the Elder to distinguish him from his nephew Helmuth von Moltke the Younger (Helmuth Johann Ludwig von Moltke), who commanded the German Army at the outbreak of the First World War. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmuth_von_Moltke_the_Younger Helmuth Johannes Ludwig Graf von Moltke (25 May 1848 – 18 June 1916), also known as Moltke the Younger, was a German general and Chief of the Great German General Staff, a member of the House of Moltke. He was also the nephew of Generalfeldmarschall Graf Helmuth Karl Bernhard von Moltke, who is commonly called "Moltke the Elder" to differentiate the two. Upon becoming the head of the General Staff, Moltke led the German Army from 1 January 1906 to 14 September 1914 during the opening months of World War I. His legacy remains a matter of controversy, due to his involvement in Germany's decision to go to war and in the execution of the invasion of France and Belgium that culminated in the First Battle of the Marne. Following the German retreat from the Marne, Moltke allegedly reported to the Kaiser (reference to Gewehr 98's The Kaiser skin), "Your Majesty, we have lost the war.

The König skin for MG15 N.A (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_German_monarchs_in_1918): The term German Empire (Deutsches Kaiserreich) commonly refers to Germany, from its foundation as a unified nation-state on 18 January 1871, until the abdication of its last Kaiser (reference to Gewehr 98's The Kaiser skin), Wilhelm II, on November 9, 1918. Germans, when referring to the Reich in this period under the Kaisers, 1871 to 1918, typically use the term Kaiserreich. Federal prince (Bundesfürst) was the generic term for the royal heads of state (monarchs) of the various states making up the German Empire. The empire was a federal state, with its constituent states remaining sovereign states. The Kaiser as head of the empire was granted the title German Emperor (the style "Emperor of Germany" being deliberately avoided), and was simultaneously a federal prince as King of Prussia, the sovereign of its largest federal state. Of the princely heads of state, 4 held the title King (König) (the Kings of Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, and Württemberg), 6 held the title Grand Duke (Großherzog), 5 held the title Duke (Herzog), and 7 held the title Prince (i.e. Sovereign Prince, Fürst). Following the abdication of Wilhelm II on 9 November 1918 and German Revolution of 1918–19, the German nobility and royalty as legally defined classes were abolished on 11 August 1919 with the promulgation of the Weimar Constitution, under which all Germans were made equal before the law, and the legal rights and privileges, and all following German Houses, titles, insignia and ranks of nobility were abolished. Nevertheless, the proclamations and Wilhelm II's abdication triggered a powerful domino effect: the same day a number of other princes stepped down, and within a week most monarchs in Germany had followed suit. The last to abdicate was King William II of Württemberg on 30 November 1918.

Bapaume skin for MG15 N.A (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bapaume): Bapaume (original Dutch name Batpalmen) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France. Bapaume is a farming and light industrial town located some 23 km south by south-east of Arras (reference to the Lewis Gun's Arras skin) and 50 km north-east of Amiens. Bapaume has been called the Seuil de Bapaume (Bapaume threshold) due to its position as a crossing point between Artois and the Flanders plain (reference to the Artillery Truck's Flanders skin) on one side, and the Somme valley (reference to the Auto Revolver's Somme skin) and the Paris Basin on the other. Bapaume was occupied by the Germans on 26 September 1914 then by the British on 17 March 1917. The town hall was destroyed on 25 March by a delayed action mine left by the Germans, killing 24 people including Australian soldiers and two French members of parliament. Ernst Jünger wrote in his Storm of Steel that the explosion was caused by an Improvised explosive device (IED) that had been left by retreating German troops. On 24 March 1918, the Germans took over the city again. In 1918 the Second Battle of Bapaume, 21 August–3 September, was part of the second phase of the Battle of Amiens, the British and Commonwealth attack that was the turning point of the First World War on the Western Front and the beginning of the Allies' Hundred Days Offensive. On 29 August the New Zealand Division, after heavy fighting, occupied Bapaume, having broken through, with the British 5th Infantry Division, the very strong Le Transloy-Loupart trench system and having overcome many other strong points around the town. The First Battle of Bapaume ran from 24 to 25 March 1918 and the Second Battle of Bapaume from 21 August to 3 September 1918.

F-patrone skin for MG15 N.A (https://www.theaerodrome.com/forum/showthread.php?p=322414): In WW1, most incendiary bullets were ignited on firing and burned as they passed through the air. They didn't necessarily emit a visible flame, but more usually smoke. This acted as a "day tracer" as the pilot could see the smoke trail. Another extract from "Flying Guns": "Incendiary and high-explosive (HE) bullets had a hollowed-out centre filled with a suitable compound. Some types of incendiary, such as the British Buckingham (reference to the SMLE MKIII's Buckingham Mark I skin) which contained a phosphorous (reference to the BAR M1918's Phosphorous skin)/aluminium mixture, were ignited on firing and burned slowly throughout their flight, while others ignited on impact. Most HE bullets were not purely explosive because the rifle-calibre ammunition was too small to carry an effective quantity of explosive; they were usually intended to burst violently in order to distribute the incendiary compound over a wide area. The British Pomeroy HE bullet (reference to the M1909 Benét-Mercié's Pomeroy skin), which contained nitro-glycerine and was purely explosive, was an exception but the Brock (reference to the Huot Automatic Rifle's Brock skin), which contained potassium chlorate, and the RTS (RTS standing for Richard Threlfall and Sons) with both nitro-glycerine and phosphorous, had both high explosive and incendiary effects. Use of these bullets was initially somewhat hazardous as the early versions had a reputation for premature detonations, and elaborate handling precautions were required." For their 7.92x57 ammunition, Germany made the following special loadings for aircraft use during WW1: -An AP-incendiary (believed to be known as "F Patrone" - Flugzeugbrand) which did not burn in flight, but only on impact with the target. This was a late-war development, intended purely for attacking aircraft (not balloons).

The Schütte-Lanz skin for MG15 N.A (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Sch%C3%BCtte-Lanz_airships): Schütte-Lanz (SL) is the name of a series of rigid airships designed and built by the Luftschiffbau Schütte-Lanz company from 1909 until 1917. The Schütte-Lanz company was an early competitor of the more famous airships built by Ferdinand von Zeppelin. It is common for all rigid airships to be informally called zeppelins regardless of their manufacturer, and Schütte-Lanz airships are often referred to as such, but the Zeppelin name technically only applies to those manufactured by the Zeppelin company. When the Zeppelin LZ 4 met with disaster at Echterdingen in 1908, Professor Johann Schütte (1873-1940) started to consider the problems of airship design. He decided, with the co-operation of his students, to develop his own scientifically designed, high performance airship. In partnership with Dr Karl Lanz, an industrialist and wood products manufacturer, he started constructing the Schütte-Lanz Luftschiffbau on 22 April 1909. The airships were successful at first, and introduced a number of highly successful innovations. Wood composites had a theoretical superiority as the structural material for airships up to a certain size, after which the superior strength of aluminum (and later duralumin) in tension was more important than the superior strength of wood in compression. Schütte-Lanz airships until 1918 were made of wood and plywood glued together. Moisture tended to degrade the integrity of the glued joints. The German Navy had bases closer to the sea, and thus more humid. They were reluctant to accept wooden composite craft. As a result, the primary customer for Schütte-Lanz airships was the German Army. The German Army decided well before the German Navy that airship operations were futile in the face of land-based heavier-than-air opposition.
Twenty-four Schütte-Lanz airships were designed before the end of the World War I, most of which the company was not paid for due to the collapse of the German Monarchy. By the time the last eight ships were ready, most of them could not be operated due to the loss of trained crews.

Oigee skin for MG15 N.A (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflector_sight): A reflector sight or reflex sight is an optical sight that allows the user to look through a partially reflecting glass element and see an illuminated projection of an aiming point or some other image superimposed on the field of view. These sights work on the simple optical principle that anything at the focus of a lens or curved mirror (such as an illuminated reticle) will appear to be sitting in front of the viewer at infinity. The earliest record of the reflector sight being used with fighter aircraft was in 1918. The optical firm of Optische Anstalt Oigee of Berlin, working from the Grubb patents, developed two versions what came to be known as the Oigee Reflector Sight. Both used a 45 degree angle glass beam splitter and electrical illumination and were used to aim the plane's machine guns. One version was used in operational trials on the biplane Albatros D.Va and triplane Fokker Dr.1 fighters. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Bolle_(flying_ace) Rittmeister Carl Bolle (also as Karl Bolle, 20 June 1893 – 9 October 1955), was a fighter ace with 36 aerial victories during World War I. He became a Jagdstaffel commander during that war, and an advisor to the Luftwaffe during World War II. The Fokker Dr.I triplane supplied was a plane of limited speed but great maneuverability and climb rate. Its slower speed made it more difficult to close to short distance for gunnery against faster fighters. Bolle's solution was the use of an Oigee telescopic sight for his guns. He also painted distinctive white stripes on his upper wings, to denote his leadership role, along with a yellow fuselage band edged by black and white to honor his old cavalry regiment. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gewehr_98 In the spring of 1915, it was decided to fit 15,000 Gewehr 98 rifles, selected for being exceptionally accurate during factory tests, with telescopic sights for sniper use, though the Gewehr 98 was not designed for use with aiming optics. The Scharfschützen-Gewehr 98 (sniper rifle 98) was officially adapted in 1915 featuring for the period advanced 4× Görtz or Zeiss telescopic sights. The wartime Scharfschützen-Gewehr 98 program intended to regularize equipment issued for snipers but failed. The telescopic sights used consisted of 2.5×, 3× and 4× models, made by manufactures like Görtz, Gérard, Oigee, Zeiss, Hensoldt, Voigtländer and various civilian models from manufacturers like Bock, Busch and Füss.

Die Deutsche Dogge skin for MG15 N.A (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Dane): The Great Dane is a large sized dog breed originating from Germany. The Great Dane descends from hunting dogs from the Middle Ages used to hunt wild boar and deer, and which were also used as guardians of German nobility. It is one of the two largest dog breeds in the world, along with the Irish Wolfhound. These dogs were called Englische Docke or Englische Tocke – later written and spelled: Dogge – or Englischer Hund in Germany. The name simply meant "English dog". In 1878, a committee was formed in Berlin which changed the name of the "Englische Dogge" (English mastiff derivatives) to "Deutsche Dogge" (German mastiff), this being the Great Dane. This laid the foundations from which the breed was developed. During the 19th century, the dog was known as a "German boarhound" in English-speaking countries. Some German breeders tried to introduce the names "German Dogge" and "German Mastiff" on the English market, because they believed the breed should be marketed as a dog of luxury and not as a working dog. However, due to the increasing tensions between Germany and other countries, the dog later became referred to as a "Great Dane", a literal translation of a name used for it in French, "Grand Danois", even though the breed has no known connection to Denmark. In Germany, it remains known as "Deutsche Dogge."

[HUN_gattaca_lg]

C93 skins
Legendary: The General, Hymn of Hate
Distinguished: Marauder, Spion Kop

Spion Kop skin for C93 https://battlefield.fandom.com/wiki/C-93_Pistol_(Codex_Entry) The C-93 was the first ever mass-produced semi-automatic pistol, designed in 1893 and based on the same kind of toggle lock mechanism that was used in the recently developed heavy machine guns. Although it was never officially adopted, the pistol did see action in the Second Boer War of 1899 - 1902, and was likely used as a private purchase sidearm by some officers in WW1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spion_Kop_(mountain) Spion Kop (Afrikaans: Spioenkop) is a mountain in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. This mountain has historical significance. Its hilltop was the site of the Battle of Spion Kop (one of the most important battles of the Boer Wars) from 23 to 24 January 1900, near the Tugela River, Natal in South Africa. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Spion_Kop The Battle of Spioen Kop (Dutch: Slag bij Spionkop; Afrikaans: Slag van Spioenkop) was a military engagement between British forces and two Boer Republics, the South African Republic and the Orange Free State, during the campaign by the British to relieve the besieged city Ladysmith during the initial months of the Second Boer War. The battle was fought 23–24 January 1900 on the hilltop of Spioen Kop, about 38 km (24 mi) west-southwest of Ladysmith. It resulted in a Boer victory.

Hymn of Hate skin for C93 (https://behindtheirlines.blogspot.com/2016/01/hymn-of-hate.html): However, the most famous hate-the-enemy, nationalistic poem of the war was written by Ernst Lissauer, a German-Jewish poet. His “Hymn of Hate” was composed shortly after war broke out in 1914, and in just a few short months, it was translated and published in the United States (then a neutral nation). The New York Times admired Lissauer’s technical skill, but described the poem as “simply abominable,” and “a brutal and wicked production.”* In Germany, not surprisingly, the poem was an immediate success. The Kaiser (reference to Gewehr 98's The Kaiser skin) honored Lissauer, and the Crown Prince of Bavaria (reference to the Selbstlader M1916's Kronprinz skin) ordered that the poem be printed and distributed to his troops. Curiously, the poem became almost as popular in England as in Germany. Lissauer, who had also coined the German Army’s slogan “Gott Strafe England” (may God punish England), could not have anticipated that the British would view his war slogan as a compliment, nor that the British would find a great deal of amusement in parodying his “Hymn of Hate.” Newspapers in England published the text of the poem with an accompanying musical score, and the choir at the Royal College of Music performed it as a joke. Lissauer himself grew to regret writing the poem. In 1926, he wrote that instead of writing a poem of hatred against England, he should have written a poem of love for Germany.

The General skin for C93 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle): Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970), commonly known in France and many nations as le général de Gaulle (General de Gaulle) or simply as le Général (the General), was a French army officer and statesman who led Free French Forces against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government of the French Republic from 1944 to 1946 in order to restore democracy in France. He was a decorated officer of the First World War, wounded several times and later taken prisoner by the Germans at Verdun (reference to the M1909 Benét-Mercié's Verdun skin). As a platoon commander, de Gaulle was involved in fierce fighting from the outset. He received his baptism of fire on 15 August and was among the first to be wounded, receiving a bullet in the knee at the Battle of Dinant. De Gaulle's unit gained recognition for repeatedly crawling out into no man's land to listen to the conversations of the enemy in their trenches, and the information brought back was so valuable that on 18 January 1915 he received the Croix de Guerre. On 10 February he was promoted to captain, initially on probation. As a company commander at Douaumont (reference to the Sjögren Inertial Shotgun's Douaumont skin) (during the Battle of Verdun) on 2 March 1916, while leading a charge to try to break out of a position which had become surrounded by the enemy, he received a bayonet wound to the left thigh after being stunned by a shell and was captured after passing out from the effects of poison gas. He was one of the few survivors of his battalion. He was pulled out of an empty shell crater by German soldiers and taken prisoner. De Gaulle spent 32 months in six different prisoner camps, but he spent most time in the Ingolstadt Fortress, where his treatment was satisfactory. In Ingolstadt were also journalist Remy Roure, who would eventually become a political ally of de Gaulle, and Mikhail Tukhachevsky, a future commander of the Red Army. During his time as a POW, de Gaulle became well acquainted with Tukhachevsky, whose theories about a fast-moving, mechanized army closely resembled his. Originally interned at Rosenberg Fortress, he was quickly moved to progressively higher-security facilities like Ingolstadt. In total, De Gaulle made five unsuccessful escape attempts, and was routinely punished with long periods of solitary confinement and the withdrawal of privileges such as newspapers and tobacco. He attempted escape by hiding in a laundry basket, digging a tunnel, digging a hole through a wall, and even posing as a nurse to fool his guards. In his letters to his parents, he constantly spoke of his frustration that the war was continuing without him, calling the situation "a shameful misfortune" and compared it to being cuckolded. As the war neared its end, he grew depressed that he was playing no part in the victory, but despite his efforts, he remained in captivity until the armistice.

Marauder skin for C93: triple question mark (???) The Marauder Battalion has a proud lineage dating back to the first military training program for African Americans built by General Charles Young. General Charles Young is renowned for his trail-blazing achievements as the third African American graduate of West Point, a superb leader of the Buffalo Soldiers, and the first African American superintendent of a national park. His role as an educator of military officers in the ground-breaking Marauder Battalion, while less well known, was profoundly influential in the development of the next generation of African American officers in the U.S. military. Ohio Senators John Sherman and Calvin S. Brice, and Ohio Congressman George W. Hulick urged President Grover Cleveland (reference to the Model 10-A' The Cleveland skin) to establish a military training program at Wilberforce University, the first private, historically black university in the United States. At the outset of Young’s teaching at Wilberforce University, he developed a constructive training regime and curriculum to prepare the students for a successful future in the military. Young used pedagogic techniques similar to those used during his time as a student at West Point. Young was determined to continuously improve the program. In doing so, he organized a cadet battalion that modeled a conventional military unit. His teaching strategy was recognized by the U.S. Army as a valuable method for producing candidates qualified to serve as officers in the state militia or National Guard units. Today, the cadet battalion is called the Marauder Battalion named for the mascot of the battalion’s home institution, Central State University, and continues to use the techniques Young implemented.